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PRESSURE VESSELS

 

Vessels Under Internal Pressure
  • Stress in Cylindrical Shell
  • Definitions
  • Formulas
  • Pressure of Fluid
  • Pressure-Temperature Ratings of American Standard Carbon Steel Pipe Flanges

Vessels Under External Pressure

  • Definitions
  • Formulas
  • Minimum Required Thickness of Cylindrical Shell
  • Chart for Determining Thickness of Cylindrical and Spherical Vessels Under External Pressure When Constructed of Carbon Steel

Design of Tall Towers

  • Wind Load
  • Weight of The Vessel
  • Seismic Load
  • Vibration
  • Eccentric Load
  • Elastic Stability
  • Deflection
  • Combination of Stresses
  • Design of Skirt Support
  • Design of Anchor Bolts (approximate method)
  • Design of Anchor Bold and Base Ring
  • Anchor Bold Chair for Tall Towers

Vessel Supports

  • Stresses in Large Horizontal Vessels Supported by Two Saddles
  • Stresses in Vessels on Leg Support
  • Stresses in Vessels Due to Lug Support

Openings

  • Inspection Openings
  • Openings without Reinforcing Pad
  • Openings with Reinforcing Pad
  • Extension of Openings
  • Reinforcement of Openings
  • Strength of Attachments
  • Joining Openings to Vessels
  • Length of Couplings and Pipes for Openings

Reinforcement at the Junction of Cone to Cylinder

 Welding of Pressure Vessels
  • Welded Joints
  • Butt Welded Joint of Plates of Unequal Thickness
  • Application of Welding Symbols

Regulations, Specifications

  • Code Rules Related to Various Services
  • Code Rules Related to Various Plate Thickness of Vessel
  • Tanks and Vessels Containing Flammable and Combustible Liquids
  • Properties of Materials
  • Description of Materials
  • Specification for The Design and Fabrication of Pressure Vessels
  • Fabrication Tolerances
  • API Welded Tanks

Piping Codes, Rectangular Tanks, Corrosion

Miscellaneous

  • Fabricating Capacities
  • Pipe and Tube Bending
  • Pipe Engagement
  • Drill Sizes for Pipe Taps
  • Bend Allowances
  • Length of Stud Bolts
  • Pressure Vessel Detailing and Preferred Locations
  • Common Errors
  • Lifting Attachments
  • Safe Loads for Ropes and Chains
  • Transportation of Vessels
  • Painting of Steel Surfaces

Geometry and Layout of Pressure Vessels

Measures and Weights

Design of Steel Structures

Practical Aids

  • Table of Pressure-Temperature Ratings
  • Table of Pressure of Fluid (Static Head)
  • Charts for determining the wall thickness for full vacuum
  • Wind Pressure, Design based on Standard ANSI/ASCE 7-93, Approved 1994
  • Wind Pressure - Alternate method based on Standard ASA A58 1
  • Combination of Stresses - Table
  • Standard Saddle Dimensions
  • Standard Leg Sizes
  • Standard Support - Lug Dimensions

EXAMPLES
What is the required wall thickness for the neck of an 8 inch opening, when pressure is 700 psi?

You could: Check the Code Rules: Par. UG-45, UG-27, UG-16(b)
or
You can use your computer to perform the calculations
or
Simply turn to page 142 of the Hand

book and read the answer from the table: 0.250 inch wall for inspection opening, 0.322 inch wall for other nozzle necks.
How much is to be added to the length of a 16 inch nozzle neck in a 48 inch diameter shell (drop)?

You can compute it on your computer, or you can find the answer in the tables of the Handbook, page 292: the drop is 1.1875 inches
What is the weight of a shell with the inside diameter of 72 inches, the wall thickness 5/8 inch, and the length 80 feet?

You can compute it on your computer, or you can turn to page 378 of the Handbook and read from the table: the weight is 484 x 80 = 38,720 lbs.

 

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